The Ground-mounted photovoltaics is a Extremely efficient methodto harness solar energy and generate clean, emission-free electricity. In contrast to conventional roof-mounted systems, ground-mounted photovoltaic systems are installed on the ground. With such Solar parks saves the operator enormously Energy costs and also ensures - in a publicly visible way - sustainable climate and environmental protection.
How does ground-mounted photovoltaics work?
The mode of operation of ground-mounted photovoltaics is similar to conventional photovoltaics. The Solar modules consist of semiconductor materials that convert sunlight into electrical energy. In ground-mounted photovoltaics, the solar modules are mounted on stands that are driven into the ground or have a foundation. This arrangement allows the modules to to optimally capture sunlight and the maximum current to generate direct current. The direct current generated is then fed through Inverter The electricity is converted into alternating current and can be fed directly into the company's internal grid or into the public grid.
Advantages of ground-mounted photovoltaics
Ground-mounted photovoltaics offers a number of advantages that make it an attractive option for generating electricity.
High energy yield
As ground-mounted photovoltaics install the solar system on the ground, it can capture the sunlight in the best possible way thanks to its optimal alignment, without the shadows of buildings or trees getting in the way. As a result, the energy yield is high, as the modules can use the sunlight efficiently throughout the day.
Scalability
Compared to roof-mounted systems, ground-mounted photovoltaics offer greater flexibility and scalability. It is possible to install larger solar systems and thus generate more electricity. This is particularly advantageous for commercial and industrial applications where there is a higher energy demand.
Fewer restrictions
In contrast to roof mounting, there are fewer restrictions to consider with ground-mounted photovoltaics. There is no need to adapt the structure of a building or take static loads into account. This makes installation easier and avoids potential obstacles.
Costs for ground-mounted photovoltaics
Various cost factors must be taken into account during planning. The total cost is made up of the cost of the solar system, installation, cabling and inverter. It is important to consider the long-term financial benefits of ground-mounted photovoltaics, such as savings on electricity costs and the possibility of feeding surplus electricity into the grid. However, the rule of thumb for ground-mounted photovoltaics is that the larger the system, the lower the average kWp price. And such systems quickly exceed the size of a standard commercial rooftop PV system. In addition, installation work close to the ground is usually easier and cheaper.
Factors during installation
There are various factors to consider when installing ground-mounted photovoltaic systems in order to achieve optimum results.
Location selection
The choice of location is crucial for economic efficiency. It is important to choose a location with sufficient sunlight and little shade. A precise analysis of the terrain and the surrounding area is required to determine the best possible location.
Permits and regulations
Before installing a ground-mounted photovoltaic system, the necessary permits and regulations must be observed. This can vary depending on the location and local laws. In Germany, building permits must be obtained in advance and they may be built on "conversion areas" and, since the 2017 law reform, also on "disadvantaged areas". The federal states are responsible for designating such areas, which primarily include commercial and industrial zones and the edges of freeways and railroads. Permitted sites include operational storage and expansion areas, company compensation areas, disused landfill sites, gravel pits, quarries, sports facilities, former military areas, marshland and large areas of water, with the exception of high-quality agricultural or ecologically valuable areas.
Maintenance and monitoring
Regular maintenance and monitoring of the ground-mounted photovoltaic system is important to ensure optimum performance and efficiency. This includes cleaning the solar modules, inspecting the Wiring of PV modules and checking the condition of the inverters. Regular monitoring also enables problems to be detected early and rectified in good time. Today, modern ground-mounted photovoltaics are installed including Real-time monitoring which also enables remote maintenance.
Frequent misunderstandings
Despite the many advantages of ground-mounted photovoltaics, there are still some common misconceptions.
Land consumption
A common misconception is that ground-mounted PV systems consume large areas of land and encroach on valuable farmland. In fact, ground-mounted photovoltaic systems can be installed on different types of land, including brownfields, industrial areas or unused agricultural land. It is also possible to combine the installations with other agricultural activities, such as sheep farming. Ecological concerns have also been addressed by various Ststudies refuted: Photovoltaics on open spaces provides habitats and retreats for plants and animals and promotes the biological regeneration of the soil. If the Area efficiencies solar parks and ground-mounted photovoltaics win by far over biomass.
Aesthetics
Another misconception is that ground-mounted photovoltaic systems disfigure the landscape and are unattractive. However, modern ground-mounted photovoltaic systems are designed to blend into the natural environment and be aesthetically pleasing. It is also possible to combine the systems with landscape design elements to achieve harmonious integration.
Environmental impact
Some people are concerned about the potential environmental impact of ground-mounted photovoltaic systems, such as the loss of habitats or the use of toxic materials. However, modern ground-mounted photovoltaic systems use environmentally friendly materials. The protection and preservation of the environment is already part of the design.
Maintenance and service for ground-mounted photovoltaics
Regular maintenance and service is required to ensure the optimum performance and efficiency of the PV system. This includes checking the solar modules for soiling or damage, checking the cabling for correct connection and regularly inspecting the inverters. If necessary, repairs or replacements should be carried out to ensure the long-term functionality of the system.
Environmental impact
Solar installations on open spaces are an environmentally friendly method of generating electricity that offers significant environmental benefits. Compared to fossil fuels, a PV system reduces CO₂ emissions and contributes to reducing the greenhouse effect. It causes no air pollution or noise pollution and has little impact on the surrounding environment. In addition, ground-mounted photovoltaics can help to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and make the energy supply more sustainable.
Conclusion and future trends
Ground-mounted photovoltaics offers a wide range of benefits, from high energy yield to scalability and low installation constraints. Despite some misconceptions, this technology offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly way to generate clean electricity. With continued development and innovation in photovoltaics, we will see even more efficient and cost-effective ground-mounted photovoltaic systems in the future. Ground-mounted photovoltaics has the potential to make a significant contribution to the global energy transition.