{"id":30139,"date":"2026-06-12T09:33:35","date_gmt":"2026-06-12T07:33:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/?p=30139"},"modified":"2026-09-25T09:45:37","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T07:45:37","slug":"ue-endurece-los-controles-de-precios-para-ets2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/es\/eu-verscharft-preiskontrollen-fur-ets2\/","title":{"rendered":"La UE endurece los controles de precios para el nuevo mercado de CO\u2082, el ETS2: qu\u00e9 cambiar\u00e1 a partir de 2028"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Acuerdo nocturno: la UE refuerza la protecci\u00f3n de los precios para el ETS2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En una sesi\u00f3n nocturna, los negociadores del Parlamento Europeo y de los Estados miembros acordaron en la tarde del 12 de junio de 2026 unas normas revisadas para la reserva de estabilidad de mercado del nuevo comercio de derechos de emisi\u00f3n de CO\u2082 ETS2. El objetivo: amortiguar las subidas extremas de precios de los costes de calefacci\u00f3n y de los combustibles antes de que el sistema entre plenamente en vigor en 2028.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El ETS2 es independiente del comercio de emisiones existente para la industria y las centrales el\u00e9ctricas. A partir de 2028, obliga a los proveedores de combustibles y carburantes a comprar derechos de contaminaci\u00f3n, lo que tendr\u00e1 un impacto directo en los costes energ\u00e9ticos de los hogares particulares, los trabajadores pendulares y las peque\u00f1as empresas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Las modificaciones m\u00e1s importantes de un vistazo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Duplicaci\u00f3n de la emisi\u00f3n de certificados a partir de 45 euros<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El punto central del acuerdo: si el precio del CO\u2082 supera el umbral de <strong>45 euros por tonelada<\/strong>, en el futuro, hasta <strong>40 millones de certificados<\/strong> de la <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/es\/reserva-de-estabilidad-del-mercado-en-el-comercio-de-derechos-de-emision\/\" type=\"post\" id=\"22054\">Reserva de estabilidad del mercado<\/a> ser liberados; hasta ahora solo eran 20 millones. Dado que este mecanismo <strong>dos veces al a\u00f1o<\/strong> est\u00e1n disponibles un m\u00e1ximo de 80 millones de unidades adicionales por a\u00f1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Liberaci\u00f3n gradual anterior<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El umbral para una liberaci\u00f3n gradual tambi\u00e9n se ha reducido: ya se aplica cuando hay menos de <strong>260 Millionen Zertifikate<\/strong> en circulaci\u00f3n; hasta ahora el valor era de 210 millones. Con esto se pretende evitar reacciones repentinas del mercado relacionadas con umbrales espec\u00edficos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La reserva de estabilidad del mercado se mantiene de forma permanente<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Originalmente, la reserva de estabilidad del mercado deb\u00eda expirar a finales de 2030, justo en el momento en que el ETS2 deb\u00eda ponerse en marcha por completo. Ahora se mantendr\u00e1 de forma permanente. Alrededor de <strong>600 Millionen Zertifikate<\/strong> est\u00e1n disponibles a largo plazo como instrumento de control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Antecedentes: \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 hay ahora controles de precios m\u00e1s estrictos en el ETS2?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Las modificaciones son una respuesta directa a la preocupaci\u00f3n de 19 Estados miembros de la UE, entre ellos Francia, Polonia y la Rep\u00fablica Checa. Estos pa\u00edses advirtieron de que el aumento de los costes de la calefacci\u00f3n y el combustible podr\u00eda avivar la resistencia pol\u00edtica a la pol\u00edtica clim\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un estudio reciente de 2026 pone de manifiesto el riesgo: con un precio del CO\u2082 de 57,50 euros, el coste de la vida podr\u00eda aumentar una media de alrededor del 1,18 por ciento sin medidas de eficiencia complementarias.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa esto para Alemania?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/es\/la-ue-pospone-el-inicio-de-la-ets-ii-hasta-2028\/\">La UE hab\u00eda aplazado un a\u00f1o el inicio del EU ETS2, previsto inicialmente para 2027<\/a>. Por lo tanto, el sistema europeo de comercio de derechos de emisi\u00f3n sustituir\u00e1 al precio nacional alem\u00e1n del CO\u2082 a partir de 2028. Actualmente, este se sit\u00faa entre 55 y 65 euros por tonelada, y, por tanto, ya est\u00e1 por encima del nuevo umbral de intervenci\u00f3n del ETS2 de 45 euros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El eurodiputado de la CDU Peter Liese prev\u00e9 para la fase inicial del ETS2 precios de entre <strong>45 y 50 euros<\/strong> \u2013 tambi\u00e9n por debajo del nivel alem\u00e1n actual. A modo de comparaci\u00f3n: con un precio del CO\u2082 de 60 euros, esto equivale a unos 17 c\u00e9ntimos por litro de gasolina y 19 c\u00e9ntimos por litro de di\u00e9sel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sin embargo, un consejo asesor de expertos independiente advierte que, sin m\u00e1s medidas pol\u00edticas, Alemania podr\u00eda superar su presupuesto de emisiones en entre 60 y 100 millones de toneladas para 2030.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Los ingresos del ETS2 deben aliviar a los consumidores<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los ingresos de las subastas del ETS2 est\u00e1n destinados a fines espec\u00edficos: deben ayudar a los consumidores con las facturas de energ\u00eda, la compra de coches el\u00e9ctricos y las reformas energ\u00e9ticas de los hogares. Sobre el <strong>Fondo Social para el Clima<\/strong> debe apoyarse espec\u00edficamente la descarbonizaci\u00f3n, en particular para los hogares con menores ingresos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inversores y defensores del clima exigen fiabilidad<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mientras que la pol\u00edtica apuesta por la estabilidad social, los actores financieros exigen firmeza. 46 inversores institucionales, entre ellos Allianz SE y L&amp;G Asset Management, gestionan conjuntamente unos 12 billones de euros y exigen un sistema robusto con reglas claras y transparentes para la seguridad en la planificaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Por otro lado, las organizaciones de la sociedad civil como Carbon Market Watch advierten de un mayor debilitamiento: el ETS2 ya se ha retrasado un a\u00f1o; una aplicaci\u00f3n ambiciosa y oportuna es estrictamente necesaria. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfCu\u00e1l es el futuro del ETS2 y de la reserva de estabilidad del mercado?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El acuerdo es provisional por ahora. El Parlamento Europeo y el Consejo a\u00fan deben aprobarlo formalmente, seguido de revisiones jur\u00eddicas y ling\u00fc\u00edsticas. Los funcionarios de la UE confieren en que la reserva modificada est\u00e9 lista a tiempo antes de la plena entrada en vigor del RCDE 2 en 2028.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Paralelamente, la Comisi\u00f3n Europea est\u00e1 revisando a fondo el ETS2. Se espera una propuesta de revisi\u00f3n concreta para <strong>Mediados de julio de 2026<\/strong> esperado. Entre otras cosas, se debate la vinculaci\u00f3n de certificados gratuitos a compromisos de inversi\u00f3n, as\u00ed como una posible ampliaci\u00f3n a los vuelos internacionales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En resumen: el Parlamento Europeo y los Estados miembros han acordado reforzar los controles de precios para el nuevo sistema de comercio de derechos de emisi\u00f3n (ETS2). A partir de un precio del CO\u2082 de 45 euros por tonelada, en el futuro se liberar\u00e1n el doble de derechos de emisi\u00f3n de la reserva de estabilidad del mercado de lo que se hab\u00eda previsto inicialmente.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":395,"featured_media":30142,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30139","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-solar-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>EU versch\u00e4rft ETS2-Preiskontrollen \u2013 Was sich 2028 \u00e4ndert<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"EU versch\u00e4rft Preiskontrollen f\u00fcr ETS2: Ab 45 \u20ac CO\u2082-Preis werden doppelt so viele Zertifikate freigegeben. 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