{"id":36343,"date":"2026-10-23T13:16:39","date_gmt":"2026-10-23T11:16:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/?p=36343"},"modified":"2026-10-23T13:25:07","modified_gmt":"2026-10-23T11:25:07","slug":"lcoe-vs-lcos-naklady-na-vyrobu-a-ukladani-elektriny-nelze-primo-srovnavat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/lcoe-vs-lcos-stromgestehungskosten-speicherkosten-lassen-sich-nicht-direkt-vergleichen\/","title":{"rendered":"LCOE vs. LCOS: n\u00e1klady na v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny a skladov\u00e1n\u00ed nelze p\u0159\u00edmo srovn\u00e1vat"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stru\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159ehled<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>LCOE<\/strong> (Levelized Cost of Electricity, n\u00e1klady na spot\u0159ebu elekt\u0159iny) popisuje pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na spot\u0159ebu elekt\u0159iny. <strong>vyroben\u00fd<\/strong> Kilowattov\u00e1 hodina nebo megawattov\u00e1 hodina.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>LCOS<\/strong> (Levelized Cost of Storage, po\u0159izovac\u00ed cena) popisuje pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed za rok. <strong>dostupn\u00e9 z pam\u011bti<\/strong> Mno\u017estv\u00ed energie. Pam\u011b\u0165 nevytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed energii, ale p\u0159esouv\u00e1 ji.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Oba ukazatele p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pouze <strong>Str\u00e1nka s n\u00e1klady<\/strong> ab. Ne\u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed nic o tom, kdy energie vznik\u00e1 ani o tom, jak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy dosahuje na trhu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159\u00edm\u00fd srovn\u00e1n\u00ed (\u201eSlune\u010dn\u00ed energie stoj\u00ed X, baterie stoj\u00ed Y\u201c) vede proto k myln\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm. Alternativy pro stejnou \u00falohu jsou \u010dist\u011b srovnateln\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad sol\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m s bateriemi oproti plynov\u00e9mu elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m nebo bateriov\u00fd syst\u00e9m oproti bateriov\u00e9mu syst\u00e9mu. <strong>V\u00fdkonn\u00e1 energetick\u00e1 jednotka<\/strong> nebo <strong>Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed turb\u00ednov\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna s maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pro investi\u010dn\u00ed rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed je pot\u0159eba tak\u00e9 <strong>Str\u00e1nka tr\u017eeb<\/strong>Ekonomick\u00e1 kalkulace, stacking p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed podm\u00ednky na m\u00edst\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e1klady na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie <strong>pokles v dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu<\/strong>, A v mnoha zem\u00edch jsou nyn\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u nov\u00fdch fosiln\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren. Nav\u00edc n\u00e1klady na bateriov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b se ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euj\u00ed. R\u016fzn\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy, v\u010detn\u011b t\u011bch BloombergNEF, Wood Mackenzie a Fraunhofer ISE, jednozna\u010dn\u011b potvrzuj\u00ed tento v\u00fdvoj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je p\u0159irozen\u00e9 spojit ob\u011b tyto v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 trendy p\u0159\u00edmo vedle sebe: n\u00e1klady na v\u00fdrobu energie (LCOE) na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b a n\u00e1klady na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed energie (LCOS) na stran\u011b druh\u00e9. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b to je problematick\u00e9, proto\u017ee <strong>Ob\u011b ukazatele m\u011b\u0159\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bci.<\/strong>. LCOE popisuje n\u00e1klady na produkci energie, zat\u00edmco LCOS n\u00e1klady na \u010dasov\u011b odlo\u017eenou energii. K tomu se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee v praxi se tyto pojmy nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jednotn\u011b: i hodnoty pro skladov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou \u010dasto ozna\u010dov\u00e1ny jako \u201eLCOE\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sou\u010dasn\u00fdm t\u00e9matem je zpr\u00e1va \u201eLevelized Cost of Electricity 2026\u201c spole\u010dnosti BloombergNEF (BNEF) z \u00fanora 2026, na kterou se odvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u0159ada medi\u00e1ln\u00edch zpr\u00e1v a anal\u00fdz. Podle BNEF byl rok 2025 sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fd: glob\u00e1ln\u00ed benchmark pro projekt \u010dty\u0159hodinov\u00e9ho akumul\u00e1toru <strong>poklesl o 27 % na 78 dolar\u016f za megawatt hodinu<\/strong>, co\u017e je rekordn\u00ed minim\u00e1ln\u00ed hodnota od za\u010d\u00e1tku m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed v roce 2009. Naopak ceny v\u011bt\u0161iny ostatn\u00edch technologi\u00ed vzrostly. Referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnota pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed parky s pevnou orientac\u00ed byla 39 americk\u00fdch dolar\u016f za megawatthodinu, co\u017e je o 6 dolar\u016f % v\u00edce ne\u017e v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kdy\u017e tyto dv\u011b \u010d\u00edsla porovn\u00e1te, m\u016f\u017eete doj\u00edt k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee skladovac\u00ed v\u00fdkon je dvakr\u00e1t dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e sol\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00fdkon. Tento z\u00e1v\u011br by byl myln\u00fd. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d LCOE a LCOS nemohou b\u00fdt bez probl\u00e9m\u016f srovn\u00e1ny, co skute\u010dn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fadaje od BNEF, Wood Mackenzie a Fraunhofer ISE a jak lze tyto srovn\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt odborn\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u011b. Definici LCOS jsme ji\u017e v \u010dl\u00e1nku uvedli. <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/vyrovnane-naklady-na-uloziste-lcos-u-bess\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"31087\">N\u00e1kladov\u011b vyrovnan\u00e1 cena \u00falo\u017en\u00e9 energie<\/a> je pops\u00e1no. Jedn\u00e1 se o kategorizaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dva ukazatele, dv\u011b ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Oba ukazatele vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vaj\u00ed celkov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed b\u011bhem jeho \u017eivotnosti na mno\u017estv\u00ed energie, kter\u00e9 poskytuje. Rozd\u00edl spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, co se pova\u017euje za \u201eposkytnutou\u201c energii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><\/td><td><strong>LCOE (n\u00e1klady na v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>LCOS (n\u00e1klady na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rozm\u011br p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161enstv\u00ed<\/td><td>Vyprodukovan\u00e1 energie (kWh\/MWh)<\/td><td>Energie vybit\u00e1 ze z\u00e1sobn\u00edku (kWh\/MWh)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Odpov\u011bzte na ot\u00e1zku<\/td><td>Kolik stoj\u00ed v\u00fdroba jedn\u00e9 megawattov\u00e9 hodiny?<\/td><td>Kolik stoj\u00ed p\u0159esun jednoho megawattov\u00e9ho hodinu v \u010dase?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Obsahov\u00e9 faktory<\/td><td>Investice, provoz, financov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b n\u00e1klady na palivo a CO\u2082<\/td><td>Investice, provoz, financov\u00e1n\u00ed, degradace, ztr\u00e1ty \u00fa\u010dinnosti<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N\u00e1klady na nab\u00edjec\u00ed proud<\/td><td>Nezohledn\u011bno<\/td><td>V z\u00e1vislosti na studii mohou nebo nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt obsa\u017eeny, proto je v\u017edy t\u0159eba prov\u011b\u0159it<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Neobsahuje sou\u010d\u00e1st identifik\u00e1toru<\/td><td>Hodnota proudu, syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/td><td>V\u00fdnosy, tr\u017en\u00ed hodnota, tr\u017en\u00ed spready<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metrika je vhodn\u00e1 pro<\/td><td>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch technologi\u00ed<\/td><td>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed flexibility<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9: Pojem \u201eLCOE pro skladov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c, jak jej pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 spole\u010dnost BNEF, je v praxi cenov\u00fdm benchmarkem za jeden poskytnut\u00fd megawattov\u00fd hodinu. Metodick\u00e9 detaily, nap\u0159\u00edklad jak se zohled\u0148uje proud nab\u00edjen\u00ed, jsou uvedeny v placen\u00e9m reportu a nejsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy BloombergNEF.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co ukazuje anal\u00fdza BNEF pro rok 2025<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spole\u010dnost BNEF zve\u0159ejnila v\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9ho zpr\u00e1vy ji\u017e v \u00fanoru 2026. Hlavn\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed: n\u00e1klady na bateriov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b v roce 2025 v\u00fdrazn\u011b klesly, zat\u00edmco n\u00e1klady na v\u011bt\u0161inu ostatn\u00edch technologi\u00ed vzrostly. BNEF uv\u00e1d\u00ed jako d\u016fvody poklesu u bateri\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ceny \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed konkurenci mezi v\u00fdrobci a vylep\u0161enou koncepci syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Technologie<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed benchmark 2025<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Zm\u011bna ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edchoz\u00edm rokem<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bateriov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b (4 hodiny)<\/td><td>78 $\/MWh<\/td><td>\u221227 % (nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed rekordn\u00ed hodnota)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed (voln\u00fd prostor, pevn\u00e1 orientace)<\/td><td>39 $\/MWh<\/td><td>+6 %<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00e9 zdroje<\/td><td>40 $\/MWh<\/td><td>celosv\u011btov\u011b m\u00edrn\u011b vzrostl<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>V\u00edtr na mo\u0159i<\/td><td>100 $\/MWh<\/td><td>+12 %<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m plus baterie <br>(kombinovan\u00e9 projekty)<\/td><td>57 $\/MWh (pr\u016fm\u011br)<\/td><td>87 GW v\u00fdstavby v roce 2025<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Plynov\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny (GuD\/CCGT)<\/td><td>102 $\/MWh<\/td><td>+16 % (nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rekord)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Zdroj: BloombergNEF, Levelized Cost of Electricity 2026.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Krom\u011b toho ukazuj\u00ed \u00fadaje BNEF n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V \u0161esti trz\u00edch jsou n\u00e1klady na \u010dty\u0159ihodinov\u00fd sklad ji\u017e pod 100 $\/MWh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Podle BNEF o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 spole\u010dnost \u00faspory n\u00e1klad\u016f ve v\u00fd\u0161i 30 % % u sol\u00e1rn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, 25 % % u bateriov\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165, 23 % % u onshore v\u011btrn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a 20 % % u offshore v\u011btrn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Podle informac\u00ed spole\u010dnosti PV Tech by to odpov\u00eddalo hodnot\u011b kolem 58 $\/MWh pro baterie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tato hodnota 78 $\/MWh je dokonce ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 93 $\/MWh, kter\u00e9 BNEF o\u010dek\u00e1val v p\u0159edchoz\u00ed progn\u00f3ze pro rok 2025.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Podle BNEF % klesly n\u00e1klady na sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energii od roku 2010 o 97 procent % a na bateriov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b o 93 procent.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd srovn\u00e1n\u00ed selh\u00e1v\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vytvo\u0159it nen\u00ed p\u0159esunout<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed energii ze slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla. Pam\u011b\u0165 ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 energii a pozd\u011bji ji znovu vypou\u0161t\u00ed, ale nikdy \u00fapln\u011b, proto\u017ee p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m cyklu vznikaj\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty. Strom, kter\u00fd opou\u0161t\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165, je proto v\u017edy dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ten, kter\u00fd do n\u00ed vstupuje. N\u00e1klady na v\u00fdrobu a skladov\u00e1n\u00ed energie jsou tedy vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e n\u00e1klady na jej\u00ed vstup. <strong>sestavit<\/strong> Proto se tedy pohybuj\u00ed po hodnotov\u00e9m \u0159et\u011bzci a nekontroluj\u00ed jeden druh\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To tak\u00e9 ukazuje hodnota BNEF pro kombinovan\u00e9 projekty sol\u00e1rn\u00edch a bateriov\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165. V pr\u016fm\u011bru <strong>57 $\/MWh<\/strong> Tento \u00fadaj se nach\u00e1z\u00ed mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi hodnotami pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energii (39 $\/MWh) a energetick\u00e9 rezervy (78 $\/MWh). N\u00e1klady se toti\u017e nedaj\u00ed jednodu\u0161e spo\u010d\u00edtat, proto\u017ee pouze \u010d\u00e1st energie vyrobenej v energetick\u00fdch rezerv\u00e1ch je skute\u010dn\u011b vyu\u017eita. Jak je sm\u011bs sestavena, z\u00e1vis\u00ed na koncepci. Anal\u00fdza spole\u010dnosti BloombergNEF k tomu neposkytuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 podrobnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LCOS je siln\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00fd na p\u0159edpokladech<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hodnota LCOS je pouze spole\u010dn\u011b s jeho p\u0159edpoklady v\u00fdznamn\u00e1. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Po\u010det cykl\u016f za rok:<\/strong> \u010c\u00edm \u010dast\u011bji je pam\u011b\u0165 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na, t\u00edm v\u00edce energie se rozd\u011bluje mezi stejn\u00e9 fixn\u00ed n\u00e1klady.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hloubka vyb\u00edjen\u00ed a \u00fa\u010dinnost:<\/strong> Vy ur\u010dujete, jak moc ulo\u017een\u00e1 energie skute\u010dn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyu\u017eita.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Degradace a augmentace:<\/strong> Capacita se b\u011bhem \u017eivotnosti sni\u017euje, co\u017e lze kompenzovat modernizac\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u017divotnost a kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady:<\/strong> To m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u00fd dopad na rentu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Doba uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> \u00dalo\u017en\u00fd syst\u00e9m s kapacitou dvou hodin m\u00e1 jin\u00e9 struktury n\u00e1klad\u016f ne\u017e syst\u00e9m s kapacitou \u010dty\u0159 hodin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nab\u00edjec\u00ed proud:<\/strong> To, zda a za jakou cenu bude zahrnut, z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dva za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s identickou hardwarem mohou m\u00edt proto velmi odli\u0161n\u00e9 LCOS, v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, jak intenzivn\u011b a za jak\u00fdch podm\u00ednek jsou provozov\u00e1na. Stejn\u00fd princip plat\u00ed pro fosiln\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny, jejich\u017e n\u00e1klady na udr\u017een\u00ed v\u00fdkonu z\u00e1vis\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b na ro\u010dn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch pln\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. P\u0159ijet\u00ed p\u0159edpoklad\u016f tak\u00e9 hraje roli p\u0159i kalkulaci LCOE v\u00fdrobn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (m\u00edsto, hodiny pln\u00e9ho zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, financov\u00e1n\u00ed), ale rozsah variability p\u0159i LCOS je \u010dasto v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee vyu\u017eit\u00ed <strong>Koncept provozu<\/strong> je z\u00e1visl\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jedna megawattov\u00e1 hodina nen\u00ed stejn\u00e1 jako jedna megawattov\u00e1 hodina.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Oba ukazatele vykazuj\u00ed stejnou hodnotu pro ka\u017edou jednotku energie bez ohledu na \u010das. Na trhu s elekt\u0159inou tomu tak nen\u00ed. Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie se obvykle prod\u00e1v\u00e1 v dob\u011b, kdy mnoho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b dod\u00e1v\u00e1 energii a ceny jsou n\u00edzk\u00e9. Strom v pozdn\u00edch ve\u010dern\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch je \u010dasto <strong>znateln\u011b hodnotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/strong>. P\u0159esn\u011b tato \u010dasov\u00e1 odchylka je zaji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1na pam\u011bt\u00ed a p\u0159esn\u011b tato hodnota se v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neobjev\u00ed v LCOE ani v LCOS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00e1klady na syst\u00e9m a jeho stabilita z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed bez ohledu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LCOE p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1klady jednotliv\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, nikoli cel\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Rozvoj s\u00edt\u011b, kompenza\u010dn\u00ed energie, z\u00e1lohovac\u00ed kapacita a ot\u00e1zka, zda je technologie vhodn\u00e1 pro dan\u00fd syst\u00e9m. <strong>dostupn\u00fd k ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> To nen\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Proto je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee \u201eobnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje jsou levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e fosiln\u00ed\u201c sice mo\u017en\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159it z hlediska v\u00fdrobn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f, ale nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 z hlediska zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dod\u00e1vek energie. \u00dalo\u017en\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed, kter\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b tento nedostatek vypl\u0148uje. Sez\u00f3nn\u00ed odklony od l\u00e9ta do zimy kv\u016fli letn\u00edm teplot\u00e1m nemohou bateriov\u00e1 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b pln\u011b vyrovnat svou kapacitou skladov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je jen n\u011bkolik hodin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kde jsou srovn\u00e1n\u00ed odborn\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m plus baterie oproti plynu.<\/strong> Kombinovan\u00fd projekt sol\u00e1rn\u00edho skladov\u00e1n\u00ed poskytuje nap\u00e1jen\u00ed s mo\u017enost\u00ed regulace a je tedy srovnateln\u00fd s plynov\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rnami. Podle BNEF jsou kombinovan\u00e9 projekty v pr\u016fm\u011bru 57 $\/MWh, nov\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny s kapacitou 102 $\/MWh. Zde plat\u00ed tak\u00e9: glob\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hodnoty, v z\u00e1vislosti na regionu, konstrukci a p\u0159edpokladech t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bateriov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b oproti plynov\u00fdm pecojm\u016fm <\/strong>(V\u00fdkonn\u00e1 rafinerie nebo rafinerie s plynov\u00fdmi turb\u00ednami). V\u0161echny slou\u017e\u00ed k pokryt\u00ed kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch \u0161pi\u010dek v spot\u0159eb\u011b energie. Spole\u010dnost Wood Mackenzie ve sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed anal\u00fdze LCOE dosp\u011bla k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee \u010dty\u0159hodinov\u00e9 bateriov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b jsou ve v\u0161ech 43 zkouman\u00fdch trz\u00edch, kde byly tyto technologie zhodnoceny, v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e otev\u0159en\u00e9 plynov\u00e9 turb\u00edny. Jedn\u00e1 se o srovn\u00e1n\u00ed flexibility versus flexibilitu. Jak v\u00fdrazn\u011b zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed ovliv\u0148uje n\u00e1klady flexibiln\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren, ukazuje kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 anal\u00fdza Fraunhofer ISE: Pro flexibiln\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny postaven\u00e9 v roce 2030 vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed n\u00e1klady na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed elekt\u0159iny v z\u00e1vislosti na zdroji energie a na celkov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce provozu mezi 12,9 a 132,7 ct\/kWh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Technologie pam\u011bti mezi sebou.<\/strong> Kdo porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 lithium-iontov\u00e9 baterie s jin\u00fdmi technologiemi, by m\u011bl zakl\u00e1dat sv\u00e9 z\u00e1v\u011bry na stejn\u00fdch p\u0159edpokladech: stejn\u00e1 doba vyb\u00edjen\u00ed, stejn\u00fd po\u010det cykl\u016f, stejn\u00e9 kapit\u00e1lov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Je porovn\u00e1n\u00ed smyslupln\u00e9?<\/strong>?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>LCOE sol\u00e1rn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f versus LCOS pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my<\/td><td>Ne \u2013 jsou to r\u016fzn\u00e9 velikosti a n\u00e1klady se kumuluj\u00ed.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rna plus baterie proti plynov\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rn\u011b<\/td><td>Ano, s v\u00fdhradou. Oba syst\u00e9my poskytuj\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd proud; prov\u011b\u0159it p\u0159edpoklady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se bezpe\u010dnosti<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bateriov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b proti plynov\u00fdm elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m<\/td><td>Ano, oba syst\u00e9my zvl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed. <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Technologie pam\u011bti proti technologii pam\u011bti<\/td><td>Ano, pokud se porovnaj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 slu\u017eby a podm\u00ednky jsou stejn\u00e9. <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Klasifikace pro N\u011bmecko<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed benchmarky spole\u010dnosti BNEF nelze jednodu\u0161e aplikovat na N\u011bmecko. Zde ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady mimo jin\u00e9 regula\u010dn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se poplatk\u016f za vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 energie v pam\u011btech, dotace na v\u00fdstavbu, poplatky za p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k s\u00edti a ceny nab\u00edjen\u00ed. Regulativn\u00ed zm\u011bny, jako je reforma poplatk\u016f za vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 energie AgNes, nav\u00edc p\u016fsob\u00ed na ekonomi\u010dnost. Informace o aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm stavu reformy a p\u0159ehled jsou k dispozici v \u010dl\u00e1nku \u201eAgNes-Festlegungsentwurf 2026\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro N\u011bmecko Fraunhofer ISE ve studii \u201eStromgestehungskosten Erneuerbarer Energien\u201c (\u010dervenec 2024) poskytuje spolehliv\u00e9 hodnoty:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed plochy a v\u011btrn\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny na pevnin\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed mezi ty nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed typy elektr\u00e1ren s cenou od 4,1 do 9,2 ct\/kWh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pro fotovoltaick\u00e9 bateriov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my Fraunhofer ISE uv\u00e1d\u00ed rozsah od 6,0 do 22,5 ct\/kWh. Tato velk\u00e1 rozmanitost vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z rozd\u00edl\u016f v n\u00e1kladech na bateriov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my (400 a\u017e 1 000 \u20ac\/kWh), fotovoltaick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed na dan\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tyto hodnoty se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed nov\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. St\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed plynov\u00e9 a uheln\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny mohou p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b vyr\u00e1b\u011bt elekt\u0159inu levn\u011bji.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro klasifikaci: Fraunhoferova \u010d\u00edsla je <strong>LCOE pro kombinovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m z fotovoltaiky a bateri\u00ed<\/strong>, Nejde o \u010dist\u00fd LCOS. Taky zde nelze izolovat hodnotu pam\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tak\u00e9 v Evrop\u011b se zobrazuje jin\u00fd obraz ne\u017e v celosv\u011btov\u00e9m trendu: Podle Wood Mackenzie se investi\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na bateriov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b v Evrop\u011b v roce 2026 % zv\u00fd\u0161ily o 2 (vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ceny bun\u011bk a n\u00e1klady na lithium), do roku 2031 se % o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 pokles o 12 %. Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed rekordn\u00ed hodnota BNEF tuto v\u00fdvojovou linii neodr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v pln\u00e9m rozsahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdstupy projektu: Co je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159i rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o skladov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro hodnocen\u00ed projektu skladov\u00e1n\u00ed energie nesta\u010d\u00ed pouze ukazatel n\u00e1klad\u016f. LCOS ukazuje, kolik stoj\u00ed poskytovan\u00e1 energie. Ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 v\u0161ak, za kolik se na trhu prod\u00e1v\u00e1. Proto je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed <strong>Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s v\u00fdnosy<\/strong>, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout ur\u010dit\u00e9ho \u00fasporn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu. K nim pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/denni-obchod-s-bateriovym-ulozistem\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/day-ahead-handel-batteriespeicher\/\">Denn\u00ed obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s BESS<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/vnitrodenni-obchodovani-s-bateriovymi-ulozisti\/\">Intradenn\u00ed obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/regulacni-energie-dodatecne-vynosy-z-ukladani-elektriny\/\">Regula\u010dn\u00ed energie<\/a> nebo kombinace n\u011bkolika zdroj\u016f p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f (<a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/revenue-stacking-a-virtual-cycling-u-bateriovych-ulozist\/\">Hromad\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed bateriov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f hraj\u00ed tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k s\u00edti, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed a provozn\u00ed koncepce kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i instalaci bateriov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f v budov\u00e1ch. <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/co-lokalizace-bess-jako-nepostradatelny-prinos-pro-ee-systemy\/\">Kolokace bateriov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed energie<\/a> s vyu\u017eit\u00edm fotovoltaick\u00fdch nebo v\u011btrn\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f. CUBE CONCEPTS intern vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 LCOS jako metriku pro hodnocen\u00ed nosnosti projekt\u016f bateriov\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165 v r\u00e1mci ekonomick\u00fdch anal\u00fdz projektu. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 dotazy (FAQ)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi LCOE a LCOS?<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LCOE znamen\u00e1 Levelized Cost of Electricity a popisuje pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na vyprodukovanou jednotku energie v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u017eivotnosti za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. LCOS znamen\u00e1 Levelized Cost of Storage a odkazuje se na energii dod\u00e1vanou z \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b. LCOE tedy m\u011b\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobu, zat\u00edmco LCOS se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasovou posunou energie.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Je mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo porovn\u00e1vat LCOE a LCOS?<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ne, ne bez probl\u00e9m\u016f. Tyto dva ukazatele maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 referen\u010dn\u00ed veli\u010diny a pam\u011b\u0165 vy\u017eaduje dodate\u010dn\u00fd proud nap\u00e1jen\u00ed, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba p\u0159edem generovat. Alternativy pro stejnou \u00falohu jsou srozumiteln\u00e9, nap\u0159\u00edklad sol\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m s bateriemi oproti plynov\u00e9mu elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1m nebo bateriov\u00fd syst\u00e9m oproti plynov\u00e9mu peci.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Jak vysok\u00e9 jsou n\u00e1klady na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed podle BNEF v roce 2026?<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podle zpr\u00e1vy BNEF \u201eLevelized Cost of Electricity 2026\u201c byl celosv\u011btov\u00fd benchmark pro \u010dty\u0159hodinov\u00fd projekt bateriov\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b v roce 2025 78 americk\u00fdch dolar\u016f za megawatthodinu. To bylo o 27 % m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm roce a nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hodnota od za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00fdzkumu v roce 2009. BNEF o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 pro rok 2035 dal\u0161\u00ed pokles o 25 %%.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Je sol\u00e1rn\u00ed syst\u00e9m s bateriemi levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e plyn?<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podle BNEF jsou kombinovan\u00e9 projekty sol\u00e1rn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b v pr\u016fm\u011bru 57 dolar\u016f za megawatthodinu, zat\u00edmco nov\u00e9 plynov\u00e9 a parn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny stoj\u00ed 102 dolar\u016f. To plat\u00ed pro celosv\u011btov\u00e9 pr\u016fm\u011bry. V N\u011bmecku z\u00e1vis\u00ed v\u00fdsledek na lokalit\u011b, konstrukci, p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k s\u00edti a regula\u010dn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Pro\u010d se hodnoty LCOS mezi studiemi tak v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed?<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hodnoty LCOS vych\u00e1zej\u00ed z p\u0159edpoklad\u016f t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se po\u010dtu cykl\u016f, hloubky vyb\u00edjen\u00ed, \u00fa\u010dinnosti, degradace, \u017eivotnosti, kapit\u00e1lov\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f a nab\u00edjec\u00edho proudu. U\u017e mal\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v t\u011bchto parametrech v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek. Proto je hodnota LCOS pouze v souvislosti s t\u011bmito p\u0159edpoklady v\u00fdznamn\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zdroje<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>BloombergNEF: Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va \u201eN\u00e1klady na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed bateri\u00ed dos\u00e1hly rekordn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fdch hodnot, zat\u00edmco n\u00e1klady na dal\u0161\u00ed technologie \u010dist\u00e9 energie vzrostly\u201c, 18.02.2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pv magazine: \u201eLCOE sol\u00e1rn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren klesne do roku 2035 o 30%, uv\u00e1d\u00ed BloombergNEF\u201c, 23.02.2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PV Tech: \u201eSol\u00e1rn\u00ed LCOE zaznamenalo mezi lety 2024 a 2025 anom\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fst o 6 procent\u201c (publikace na port\u00e1lu now.solar, 04.03.2026)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TaiyangNews: \u201e4hodinov\u00e1 baterie je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e plynov\u00e9 turb\u00edny na 43 trz\u00edch\u201c (Wood Mackenzie)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fraunhofer ISE: Studie \u201eN\u00e1klady na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie\u201c, \u010derven 2024<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fraunhofer ISE: Tiskov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va \u201eFotovoltaika s bateriov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e konven\u010dn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny\u201c, srpen 2024<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kurz\u00fcberblick Sinkende Kosten f\u00fcr Erneuerbare Die Stromgestehungskosten f\u00fcr erneuerbare Energien sinken langfristig, und in vielen M\u00e4rkten liegen sie inzwischen unter denen neuer fossiler Kraftwerke. Auch die Kosten f\u00fcr Batteriespeicher gehen seit Jahren deutlich zur\u00fcck. Verschiedene Analysen, darunter die von BloombergNEF, Wood Mackenzie und dem Fraunhofer ISE, zeigen diese Entwicklung \u00fcbereinstimmend. Naheliegend ist es, beide Entwicklungen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":395,"featured_media":36404,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,61],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-batteriespeicher","category-grundlagen-technik"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>LCOE vs. LCOS: Kosten von Strom und Speicher vergleichen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"LCOE und LCOS messen Verschiedenes. 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