{"id":32267,"date":"2026-07-27T11:50:40","date_gmt":"2026-07-27T09:50:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/?p=32267"},"modified":"2026-09-25T09:45:34","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T07:45:34","slug":"reforma-eu-ets-2031-bezplatne-pridelovani-povolenek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/eu-ets-reform-2031-freie-zuteilung\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropsk\u00e1 komise p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 reformu ETS: V\u00edce bezplatn\u00fdch povolenek, pomaleji klesaj\u00edc\u00ed strop"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Evropsk\u00e1 komise p\u0159edlo\u017eila dne 20. 7. 2026 sv\u016fj n\u00e1vrh pr\u00e1vn\u00edho r\u00e1mce pro zm\u00edrn\u011bnou 5. f\u00e1zi syst\u00e9mu ETS (2031\u20132040). Hlavn\u00ed body <strong>Reforma ETS<\/strong> jsou<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V\u00edce bezplatn\u00fdch certifik\u00e1t\u016f<\/strong> prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho, dlouhodob\u011bj\u0161\u00edho bezplatn\u00e9ho p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed povolenek pro pr\u016fmysl.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Horn\u00ed hranice <\/strong>obchodovateln\u00fdch certifik\u00e1t\u016f ETS by m\u011bl<strong> klesat pomaleji.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Uvoln\u011bn\u00e1 rezervn\u00ed stabilita trhu<\/strong> (M\u00edra p\u0159ijet\u00ed kles\u00e1 od roku 2028 z 24 na 12 procent).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong> syst\u00e9mu ETS pro lety na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 trat\u011b a spalov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co Komise navrhuje k reform\u011b ETS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za n\u00e1vrh zodpov\u00edd\u00e1 nizozemsk\u00fd EU komisa\u0159 pro klima Wopke Hoekstra, kter\u00fd vypracoval pr\u00e1vn\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro p\u00e1t\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed obdob\u00ed EU-ETS I. N\u00e1vrh reformy m\u00e1 syst\u00e9m p\u0159izp\u016fsobit nov\u00e9mu zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00e9mu klimati\u010dk\u00e9mu c\u00edli. Podle n\u011bj usiluje EU <strong>o 90 % m\u00e9n\u011b<\/strong> \u010dist\u00e9 sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny <strong>do roku 2040<\/strong> oproti roku 1990. D\u016fvodem jsou mimo jin\u00e9 rostouc\u00ed obavy z odchodu energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed v N\u011bmecku, Francii a It\u00e1lii, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e m\u011bs\u00edce varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed rostouc\u00edmi n\u00e1klady na CO\u2082. N\u00e1vrh nam\u00edsto spol\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed se pouze na omezov\u00e1n\u00ed spojuje finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00falevy s nov\u00fdmi povinnostmi v oblasti dekarbonizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u00e1rkov\u00e9 certifik\u00e1ty: del\u0161\u00ed, ale podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Od roku 2031 bude ve\u0161ker\u00e9 bezplatn\u00e9 p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1viset na ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9m ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00edm <strong>investi\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n na dekarbonizaci<\/strong>. Podniky dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed <strong>80 %<\/strong> bezplatn\u00fdch povolenek podle schv\u00e1len\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu \u2013 zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed <strong>20 %<\/strong> teprve pot\u00e9, co bude na konci p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u011btilet\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b prok\u00e1z\u00e1no sl\u00edben\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed. Od roku 2036 budou moci podniky nav\u00edc kompenzovat a\u017e 2 % sv\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm projekt\u016f dekarbonizace v t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nejde o pouh\u00e9 zpomalen\u00ed vyv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed, jak\u00e9 bylo p\u016fvodn\u011b zam\u00fd\u0161leno v r\u00e1mci uhl\u00edkov\u00e9ho vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed na hranic\u00edch (<a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/cbam-system-upravy-hranic-co%e2%82%82\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"10856\">CBAM<\/a>) pro dot\u010den\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e p\u0159enastaven\u00ed podm\u00ednek. Kdo prok\u00e1\u017ee ochranu klimatu, dostane bezplatn\u00e9 povolenky na del\u0161\u00ed dobu. Kdo nedod\u00e1 v\u00fdsledky, \u010d\u00e1st z nich ztrat\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tr\u017en\u00ed stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed rezerva se uvol\u0148uje<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tak\u00e9 u hlavn\u00edho n\u00e1stroje pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed v r\u00e1mci syst\u00e9mu EU ETS I, tj. <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/rezerva-trzni-stability-pri-obchodovani-s-emisemi\/\">Rezerva tr\u017en\u00ed stability<\/a>, zde za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 reforma: Od roku 2028 by se m\u011bla m\u00edra absorpce p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00fdch certifik\u00e1t\u016f sn\u00ed\u017eit z 24 na 12 %. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159ebytku bude v budoucnu <strong>v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b certifik\u00e1t\u016f<\/strong> za rok <strong>do z\u00e1soby<\/strong> turistika a <strong>odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm zp\u016fsobem v\u00edce na trhu<\/strong> z\u016fstat. D\u00e1le se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s t\u00edm, \u017ee certifik\u00e1ty by v budoucnu mohly trvale z\u016fstat v rezerv\u011b nam\u00edsto toho, aby byly dosavadn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem maz\u00e1ny \u2013 co\u017e je krok, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 zv\u00fd\u0161it flexibilitu syst\u00e9mu, ale tak\u00e9 udr\u017eet v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed nab\u00eddku na trhu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed na letectv\u00ed a spalov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zat\u00edmco pr\u016fmysl je znateln\u011b odleh\u010den, ETS roste jinde. Komise navrhuje lety na leti\u0161t\u011b v <strong>okruh 5 000 kilometr\u016f <\/strong>aby bylo zahrnuto geografick\u00e9 centrum EU \u2013 v budoucnu by tak pokr\u00fdvalo i dopravn\u00ed uzly v Turecku a na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b, Severn\u00ed Amerika z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 stranou. Ru\u0161en\u00ed bezplatn\u00fdch povolenek pro vnitrounropskou leteckou dopravu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v platnosti: jejich p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed skon\u010d\u00ed na konci roku 2026, <strong>od roku 2027<\/strong> plat\u00ed leteck\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti za ka\u017edou tunu CO\u2082 pln\u011b. Nov\u011b p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 spalov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu, jeho\u017e emise by nov\u011b rovn\u011b\u017e m\u011bly podl\u00e9hat obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s emisemi. Syst\u00e9m ETS tak bude podobn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ned\u00e1vno <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/eu-odklada-start-ets-ii-na-rok-2028\/\">na rok 2028 odlo\u017een\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1tek syst\u00e9mu ETS II<\/a> postupn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eno na dal\u0161\u00ed oblasti \u2013 tentokr\u00e1t v\u0161ak v r\u00e1mci st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho ETS I nam\u00edsto nov\u00e9ho d\u00edl\u010d\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odleh\u010den\u00ed pr\u016fmyslu a kritika reformy ETS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159edsedkyn\u011b Komise Ursula von der Leyen ozna\u010duje n\u00e1vrh reformy syst\u00e9mu obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s emisn\u00edmi povolenkami (ETS) za \u201ep\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed na\u0161eho trhu s uhl\u00edkem m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se glob\u00e1ln\u00edm realit\u00e1m\u201d. Odborn\u00edci z politick\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry a ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, stejn\u011b jako z\u00e1stupci odv\u011btv\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie, to vid\u00ed jinak a hovo\u0159\u00ed o oslaben\u00ed syst\u00e9mu. Dot\u010den\u00e9 sektory \u2013 odv\u011btv\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv, energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd pr\u016fmysl (ocel\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, chemick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, cement\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, pap\u00edrensk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, skl\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed), leteck\u00e1 a n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed doprava a v budoucnu tak\u00e9 spalov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu \u2013 se pod\u00edlej\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 % na celkov\u00fdch emis\u00edch sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f v EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co to znamen\u00e1 pro ceny CO\u2082 a obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s flexibilitou<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pro provozovaters bateriov\u00fdch \u00falo\u017ei\u0161\u0165 je relevantn\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm uvoln\u011bn\u00ed MSR. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed m\u00edra absorpce udr\u017euje v ob\u011bhu struktur\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00edce certifik\u00e1t\u016f, co\u017e m\u00e1 tendenci tlumit cenu CO\u2082 \u2013 podobn\u011b jako ji\u017e <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/povolenky-co2-stale-vysoko-prumyslova-elektrina-na-kratkodobem-minimu\/\">Anal\u00fdzy sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho maxima certifik\u00e1t\u016f<\/a> uk\u00e1zali, m\u00e1 vztah nab\u00eddky a popt\u00e1vky na trhu s CO\u2082 nep\u0159\u00edmo vliv na ceny elekt\u0159iny, a t\u00edm i na cenov\u00e9 spready, kter\u00e9 provozovatel\u00e9 BESS pro <a href=\"https:\/\/cubeconcepts.de\/cz\/bateriove-uloziste-v-energetickem-obchodovani\/\">Arbitr\u00e1\u017e a obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s flexibilitou<\/a> pou\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Dopady reformy ETS<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Sm\u011br p\u016fsoben\u00ed na cenu CO\u2082<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Relevantnost pro marketing BESS-flexu<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M\u00edra absorpce MSR <br>24% \u2192 12% (od roku 2028)<\/td><td>Tlumen\u00fd <br>(v\u00edce certifik\u00e1t\u016f na trhu)<\/td><td>Nep\u0159\u00edmo: men\u0161\u00ed tlak cen CO\u2082 m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit v\u00fdrobn\u00ed n\u00e1klady fosiln\u00edch \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren a t\u00edm z\u00fa\u017eit spready<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Certifik\u00e1ty z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v rezerv\u011b nam\u00edsto smaz\u00e1n\u00ed<\/td><td>M\u00edrn\u011b tlum\u00edc\u00ed, <br>ale flexibiln\u011bji \u0159iditeln\u00fd<\/td><td>Nep\u0159\u00edmo: potenci\u00e1ln\u011b stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, p\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj cen<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 bezplatn\u00e9 p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed povolenek od roku 2031<\/td><td>M\u00edrn\u011b a\u017e neutr\u00e1ln\u011b infla\u010dn\u00ed (pob\u00eddka k dekarbonizaci z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1)<\/td><td>Zat\u00edm n\u00edzk\u00e9, ale je to investi\u010dn\u00ed sign\u00e1l pro dekarbonizuj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 z\u00e1kazn\u00edky<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed na spalov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu a lety na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti<\/td><td>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka po certifik\u00e1tech<\/td><td>Sektorov\u011b specifick\u00e9, sotva n\u011bjak\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 vazba na BESS<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9:<\/em> Tyto dopady jsou orienta\u010dn\u00edmi v\u00fdroky na z\u00e1klad\u011b aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho n\u00e1vrhu reformy, nikoli spolehlivou progn\u00f3zou \u2013 skute\u010dn\u00e1 cena CO\u2082 z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch faktorech (konjunktu\u0159e, cen\u00e1ch energi\u00ed, skute\u010dn\u00e9m v\u00fdsledku jedn\u00e1n\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdhled na n\u00e1vrhy reformy ETS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O n\u00e1vrhu na reformu ETS nyn\u00ed rozhoduj\u00ed Evropsk\u00fd parlament a \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Vzhledem ke kompromisn\u00ed linii mezi ochranou klimatu a ochranou pr\u016fmyslu nebudou trilater\u00e1ln\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bkr\u00e1tk\u00e1. A\u017e do kone\u010dn\u00e9ho schv\u00e1len\u00ed se mohou jednotliv\u00e9 detaily \u2013 zejm\u00e9na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed procentn\u00ed sazby u MSR a bezplatn\u00e9ho p\u0159id\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed \u2013 je\u0161t\u011b zm\u011bnit. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Evropsk\u00e1 komise chce od roku 2031 v\u00fdrazn\u011b zm\u00edrnit obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s emisemi: V\u00edce bezplatn\u00fdch povolenek, uvoln\u011bn\u00e1 tr\u017en\u00ed stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed rezerva a nov\u00e9 sektory ETS by mohly trh s CO\u2082 trvale ovlivnit.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":395,"featured_media":32273,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-solar-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>EU-ETS-Reform: Mehr Gratiszertifikate ab 2031<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Die EU-Kommission will eine ETS-Reform. 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